Yucca Mountain, Nevada was identified as a potential high-level nuclear waste repository for the nation in the 1987 Nuclear Policy Act and subsequently the site was explored by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. Geological Survey, the State of Nevada, and various national laboratories and researchers from across the United States and world. In the early part of the 21st century, research on the characterization and licensing of the proposed nuclear waste repository ended. Nevertheless, the Nuclear Policy Act is still in place and there have been efforts to restart the licensing process and complete the repository at the Yucca Mountain site to store radioactive waste from the nation’s nuclear power plants. The Yucca Mountain geoscience collection has been developed to preserve and make accessible geoscience studies and data that were collected during the characterization effort.